Elastic-fluid turbine.



No. 775,107. PATENTED NOV. 15, 1904. W. S. ELLIOTT.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

AYPLIUATION FILED MAR. 2, 1904.

2 SHBETSSHEET 1 N0 MODEL.

No. 775,107. PATENTED NOV. 15, 1904. W. S. ELLIOTT.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAB..2,1904.

no MODEL. 2 SHEETS-"SHEET z.

UNTTED STATES Patented November 15, 1904.

TYILLIAM S. ELLIOTT, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 775,107, dated November15, 1904:.

Application filed March 2, 1904. Serial No. 196,196. (No model.)

To 11]] whom 1'1 'llLf/J/ concern/.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM S. ELLIOTT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inElastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification,reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings. forming partof this specification. in which- Figure 1 is a partial end view of anelasticfluid turbine provided with my improved governing apparatus. Fig.2 is a horizontal section-a1 view taken on the arc-line ll ll of Fig. 1.a

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view indicated by the linellI III ofFig 1. Fig. 4. is a crosssection on the line 1V IV of Fig. 3.

The object of my invention is to automatically govern the speed of anelastic-fluid turbinc so as to maintain uniform speed under varyingloads. For this purpose I employ a governor, preferably centrifugal, tothe moving portion of which 1 connect valve-actuating mechanism adaptedto control the supply and exhaust currents to and fromnozzle-valveactuatingmechanism. These currents circulate through acylinder within which is a balanced piston-valve adapted to be shiftedby variations in the moving elements of the governor resulting fromchanges in its speed. The balanced valve controls the fluid-supply to aplurality of pistons connected with a series of valves controlling thesupply of fluid leading to the nozzles, which in turn deliver the fluidagainst the vanes of the turbine.

The device is intended to regulate the supply of fluid to the turbine,dependent upon the variations in its load, and to maintain a resultingconstant speed, the governor being connected directly with the valveswhich control the supply and exhaust to and from thenozzle-valve;operating pistons.

Referring now to the drawings, 2 is the shell or case of the turbine,surrounding the wheel 3, mounted on the usual shafts and provided withthe customary peripheral vanes 5.

6 is a fluid-inlet shell having a supply-passage secured in the face ofthe case 2 and adapted to supply fluid through the variousvalve-controlled nozzles 8, leading to the vanes 5, each of said nozzleshaving seats provided with a valve 9, mounted on the inner end of stem10, passing out through a stuffing-box in the front of the case. Eachstem is provided with a piston 11 in cylinder 12, an interposed spring13 being provided, surrounding the stem 10, adapted to bear outwardlyagainst the piston, so as to unseat the valve when pressure is relievedfrom the piston.

Means are provided by which pressure is applied to or relieved from oneor more of the pistons 11 as follows: Mounted in a suitable position isa cylinder 14, to the middle portion of which constant fluid-pressure issupplied by pipe 15, while pipes 16 connect each to the cylinders 12 andthe interior of the cylinder 14: and are adapted to supply constantpressure against such of the pistons 11 to which said constant pressureis maintained. The pipes 16 connect with the interior of cylinder 1e atvarying positions along the cylinder, being so located that each pipemay be successively supplied with pressure by means of the uncovering ofits port. 17 and 18 are the pistons of the balanced valve, mounted onstem 19 in cylinder 14, pipe 15 supplying the fluid-pressure thereto andprovided with an operating-stem 20, passing out through a stuffing-boxin the end of the cylinder. The inner ends of pipes 16 communicate withthe interior of cylinder 14 by ports 21, through which the pressure frompipe 15 is communicated to the pistons 11 when such inner ports 21 areuncovered, the piston 18 constituting a valve. Communicating with suchinlet-ports 21, either by a diagonal groove or by any other suitablepassage, are terminal ports 22, so located, in a different transverseplane beyond the plane of inlet-ports 21., that when the inlet-ports 21are covered by the advancing piston-valve 18 the ports 22 or the otherend of the groove will become uncovered. By this construction theexhaust from cylinder 12 is delivered behind the piston-valve.

Cylinder let is provided with an outlet-pipe 23, adapted to carry offthe exhaust as it is discharged, a supplemental exhaust-pipe 24: beingarranged beyond piston 17 to carry off leakage, whereby the piston-valveis balanced.

A is a governor provided with the usual springretracted centrifugalballs, mounted on arms 25, pivoted at 26 and provided with leverarms 27,engaging the reciprocating sleeve 28.

29 is a bell-crank lever pivoted at 30, having an arm 31 engaging sleeve28 and adapted to be moved with it according to variations of thegovernor-balls and connected at the other end of the lever with theouter end of stem 20, preferably by an intervening link 32.

When the load of the engine increases, resulting in decreased speed andclosing in of the balls of the governor, valve 18 is raised by lever 29,cutting oil pressure through ports 21 from one or more of cylinders 12,allowing pistons 11 to be retracted by springs 13, thus unseating valves9 and admitting an increased supply to the vanes. On the other hand,when the speed becomes too great the balls of the governor fly out,valve 18 is lowered by lever 29, opening one or more additional ports 21and applying pressure to pistons 11 to close one or more additionalvalves 9, thus cutting off the supply to the nozzle and vanes, resultingin decreased speed. The speed is thus maintained constant and theequilibrium of the engine established.

It is evident that various designs or arrangements of valves andactuating mechanism may be used to control the admission offluid to theturbine-vanes in combination with the regulating mechanism which I haveshown and described, and 1 do not desire to be limited to the detailedconstruction herein set forth.

I claim 1. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series ofnozzle-valves adapted to admit fluid successively, a series of cylindersprovided with pistons connected with said valves, a supply-cylinderprovided with a series of diagonal ports, connections between saidsupply-cylinder and the pistoncylinders,

and means for controlling the supply.

2. The combination with an elastic -fluid turbine, of a series ofnozzle-valves adapted to admit fluid successively, a series of cylindersprovided with pistons connected with said valves, a supply-cylinderprovided with aseries of diagonal ports, connections between saidsupply-cylinder and the piston-cylinders, and means for controlling thesupply governed by the speed in the engine.

3. .The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series ofnozzle-valves adapted to admit fluid successively, a series of cylindersprovided with pistons connected with said valves, a supply-cylinderprovided with a series of diagonal ports, connections between saidsupply-cylinder and the piston-cylinders, and means for controlling thesupply actuated by the same elastic fluid which actuates the turbine.

a. The combination with an elastic fluid turbine, of a series ofnozzle-valves adapted l to admit fluid successively, a series ofcylinders provided with pistons connected with said valves, asupply-cylinder provided with a series of diagonal ports, connectionsbetween said supply-cylinder and the piston-cylinders, and means forcontrolling the supply consisting of a piston mounted in thesupply-cylinder adapted to cover and uncover the diagonal ports, andgovernor mechanism connected with and controlling said piston.

5. The combination with an elastic fluid turbine, of a series ofnozzle-valves adapted to admit fluid successively, a series of pistonsconnected therewith, piston-chambers therefor, retracting-springs forthe pistons, a pressure-supply-governing device adapted to control thecirculation to and from the nozzlevalve piston-chamber, and a governorconnected with the pressure-supply-governing device.

6. The combination with an elasticfluid turbine, of a series ofnozzle-valves adapted to admit fluid successively, a series of pistonsconnected therewith, a cylinder provided with a pressure-supply,connections between the piston-chambers and the pressure-suppl ycylinder, diagonal terminal ports therefor, a balanced valve mounted inthe pressure-supply cylinder, and a governor connected with the balancedvalve.

7. The combination with an elastic fluid turbine, of a series ofnozzle-valves adapted to admit fluid successively, a series of pistonsconnected therewith, a cylinder provided with a pressure-supply,connections between the piston-chamber and the pressure-supply cylinder,diagonally-disposed supply and exhaust ports connected therewith, abalanced valve adapted to cover said ports, and a governor connectedwith the balanced valve.

8. The combination with a series of nozzlevalve pistons and chamberstherefor, of a cylinder provided with supply and exhaust portscommunicating with the piston-chambers and having terminals located indifferent transverse planes, a balanced valve mounted in the cylinderadapted to cover and uncover said ports, and a governor connected withthe balanced valve.

9. The combination with a series of nozzlevalve pistons and chamberstherefor, of a cylinder provided with a constant pressure, supply andexhaust ports communicating with the piston-chamber and having terminalslocated in different transverse planes, a double-piston balanced valveembracing the supply-pressure inlet, one of said pistons being adaptedto cover and uncover the supply and exhaust ports of the nozzle-pistons,and a governor connected with the balanced valve.

10. The combination with a series of nozzlevalve pistons and chamberstherefor, of a cylinder provided with a constant pressurediagonally-disposed supply and exhaust ports communicating with thepiston-chamber, a doublel l l l said ports provided with a stemprojecting beyond the cylinder, a sliding sleeve, a lever connected wlthsaid sleeve and with the valvestem, and centrifugal governor-weightscon- I nected with the sliding sleeve.

In testimony whereof I aihx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM S. ELLIOTT.

\Vitnesses:

Jns. J. MoAFnn, U. M. CLARKE.

